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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Mixotricha paradoxa ： ウィキペディア英語版 Mixotricha paradoxa ''Mixotricha paradoxa'' is a species of protozoan that lives inside the gut of the Australian termite species ''Mastotermes darwiniensis'' and has multiple bacterial symbionts. The name, given by the Australian biologist J.L. Sutherland, who first described ''Mixotricha'' in 1933,〔Jean L. Sutherland: ''Protozoa from Australian Termites''. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, Band s2-76, S. 145-173. ((Abstract) )〕〔L. R. Cleveland, A. V. Grimstone: '' The Fine Structure of the Flagellate Mixotricha paradoxa and Its Associated Micro-Organisms''. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, Band 159, 1964, S. 668-686. 〕 means “the paradoxical being with mixed-up hairs”. == Symbiosis == ''Mixotricha'' forms many symbiotic relationships. Like its relatives, including ''Trichonympha'', it lives in the gut of termites and helps them digest cellulose, a major component of the wood they eat. Without ''Mixotricha'', its host termites could not survive. ''Mixotricha'' forms mutualistic relationships with bacteria living inside the termite as well. There are a total of four species of bacterial symbionts. While ''Mixotricha'' has four anterior flagella, it does not use them for locomotion, but more for steering. For locomotion, about 250,000 hairlike ''Treponema spirochetes'', a species of helical bacteria, are attached to the cell surface and provide the cell with cilia-like movements. ''Mixotricha'' also has rod-shaped bacteria arranged in an ordered pattern on the surface of the cell; both of these types are ectosymbionts. In addition it has spherical bacteria inside the cell; these endosymbionts function as mitochondria, which ''Mixotricha'' lacks. ''Mixotricha'' lost their mitochondria but retain both organelles and nuclear genes derived from them. Mitochondrial relics include hydrogenosomes which produce hydrogen and small structures called mitosomes. 〔tutorgig.net〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mixotricha paradoxa」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.